Introducing Habitable Rooms and Tiny Houses into the Building Code
Nova Scotia Building Code Regulations, N.S. Reg. 198/2024, introduces an update to the province’s building code framework, effective April 1, 2025. This order repeals the previous code regulations (N.S. Reg. 116/2022) and incorporates updated standards for safety, accessibility, and energy efficiency in compliance with the National Building Code of Canada (NBC) and the National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (NECB) 2020.
Key Provisions and Scope of the Regulations: The regulations define standards for the design, construction, modification, and safety of buildings within Nova Scotia, while also emphasizing environmental responsibility and energy efficiency. It introduces terms such as “habitable room,” “heritage building,” and “tiny house,” clarifying specific building components and classifications. It also incorporates definitions related to emerging housing models, including modular and manufactured homes, aligning with CSA certification standards for quality and durability.
These new regulations adopt the 2020 versions of the NBC, NECB, National Plumbing Code, and National Farm Building Code, mandating adherence to all revisions issued by the Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes. This adoption ensures uniformity and modernization across building projects in Nova Scotia, bringing the province in line with updated national safety, energy efficiency, and plumbing standards.
Application to Existing and Heritage Buildings: A notable focus is the application of the updated standards to existing and heritage buildings. For existing structures, the regulations apply if the building undergoes major alterations or reclassification of its use. For heritage buildings, alternate compliance methods are provided under Schedule D to preserve historical integrity while promoting safety and accessibility. Notably, buildings in designated heritage conservation districts may select alternative compliance measures that suit preservation and functional needs.
Exemptions and Home-Based Business Provisions: Specific exemptions under the code apply to public utilities, free-standing structures, certain agricultural structures, and fences. Modular and manufactured homes are exempt from certain building requirements, provided they meet energy efficiency standards specified for buildings constructed after 2009. Home-based businesses are also given flexibility, with criteria outlined to allow such businesses to function within residential spaces without requiring additional structural or occupancy modifications, as long as safety and floor area limitations are observed.
Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Practices: The regulations underscore energy efficiency, requiring new constructions and significant renovations to meet the energy efficiency standards set forth in the NECB. This reflects Nova Scotia’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions in alignment with Canada’s national climate goals. Tier 1 of both the NBC and NECB 2020 are now mandatory, setting foundational requirements that will likely evolve with advancing sustainability goals.
Nova Scotia (198/2024) October 4, 2024