On February 28, 2023, Newfoundland and Labrador enacted an amendment to its Public Health Protection and Promotion Regulations pursuant to the Public Health Protection and Promotion Act. The primary objective of this regulatory amendment is to change the management and reporting protocols for Mpox within the province.

Mpox, formerly known as Monkeypox, is a viral disease caused by the Mpox virus, which belongs to the same family as the smallpox virus. Mpox is an uncommon disease that primarily occurs in Central and West Africa. The name was changed from monkeypox to Mpox in 2022 to avoid stigma and confusion associated with the original name. Mpox symptoms typically present with flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, and muscle aches. This is followed by a rash that progresses through several stages, including macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, and eventually scabs. The rash often appears on the face, hands, feet, and other parts of the body. The Mpox virus can spread through direct contact with the bodily fluids or lesions of an infected person or animal. It can also be transmitted through contaminated objects or surfaces. Human-to-human transmission occurs primarily through close contact. There is no specific treatment for Mpox only supportive care, such as managing symptoms and preventing secondary infections, is typically provided. In some cases, antiviral medications and vaccines used for smallpox may be employed. Preventive measures that are needed to be taken include avoiding contact with infected individuals or animals and practicing good hygiene.

The amendment incorporates two significant modifications to the regulations:

The first change pertains to Section 6 of the regulations, which governs the reporting obligations for communicable diseases. The amendment introduces “Mpox” to the list of diseases that must be reported. By adding Mpox to the reportable diseases list, this amendment ensures that cases of this disease are systematically monitored and addressed enhancing public health oversight and response capabilities.

The second change affects Schedule A of the regulations, which lists diseases and conditions of public health significance. The amendment incorporates “Mpox” immediately below “Meningococcal Invasive Disease”. This update formalizes the inclusion of Mpox in the list of diseases that are subject to regulatory reporting and management.

These regulatory changes aim to bolster the province’s preparedness and response strategies for potential Mpox outbreaks, thereby contributing to broader public health protection efforts.

Source: Newfoundland and Labrador 9/23, February 28, 2023.